1431 is a Triangular Number and a Hexagonal Number

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If you only look at a list of triangular numbers or a list of hexagonal numbers, you might miss the relationship that figurate numbers have with each other.

1378 is the 52nd triangular number, and you can use it to find the 53rd triangular number (1431), the 53rd square number, the 53rd pentagonal number, and so forth.

351 is the 26th triangular number, and you can use it to find the 27th triangular number, the 27th square number, the 27th pentagonal number, the 27th hexagonal number (1431), and so forth.

See the relationship in the graphic below:

Should you get excited that 1431 is BOTH a triangular number and a hexagonal number? Not really. It turns out that every hexagonal number is also a triangular number. (But not every triangular number is a hexagonal number.)

Here are a few more facts about the number 1431:

  • 1431 is a composite number.
  • Prime factorization: 1431 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 53, which can be written 1431 = 3³ × 53
  • 1431 has at least one exponent greater than 1 in its prime factorization so √1431 can be simplified. Taking the factor pair from the factor pair table below with the largest square number factor, we get √1431 = (√9)(√159) = 3√159
  • The exponents in the prime factorization are 3 and 1. Adding one to each exponent and multiplying we get (3 + 1)(1 + 1) = 4 × 2 = 8. Therefore 1431 has exactly 8 factors.
  • The factors of 1431 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

1431 is the hypotenuse of a Pythagorean triple:
756-1215-1431 which is 27 times (28-45-53)

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1430 Is a Catalan Number

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1430 is the eighth Catalan number because it is equal to (2⋅8)!÷((8+1)!8!):
10 × 11 × 12 × 13 × 14 × 15 × 16 ÷( 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 × 7 × 8 ) = 1430.

For example, the vertices of a decagon can also be the vertices of eight triangles. Those eight triangles can be drawn in 1430 different ways. Here are a few of those ways:

Some of the 1430 ways are rotations and/or reflections of the ways illustrated above. Many of the 1430 ways are NOT represented in that graphic at all. It would be mind-boggling to draw all 1430 ways!

Here are some other facts about the number 1430:

  • 1430 is a composite number.
  • Prime factorization: 1430 = 2 × 5 × 11 × 13
  • 1430 has no exponents greater than 1 in its prime factorization, so √1430 cannot be simplified.
  • The exponents in the prime factorization are 1, 1, 1, and 1. Adding one to each exponent and multiplying we get (1 + 1)(1 + 1)(1 + 1)(1 + 1) = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 16. Therefore 1430 has exactly 16 factors.
  • The factors of 1430 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

1430 is the hypotenuse of FOUR Pythagorean triples:
352-1386-1430 which is 22 times (16-63-65)
550-1320-1430 which is (5-12-13) times 110
726-1232-1430 which is 22 times (33-56-65)
858-1144-1430 which is (3-4-5) times 286

 

1429 Find the Factors Challenge

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I wanted today’s puzzle to look like a big candy bar, but I don’t think I succeeded. I hope you will still think it is the best treat you got today! Good luck!

Print the puzzles or type the solution in this excel file: 12 Factors 1419-1429

Now I’ll tell you some facts about the number 1429:

  • 1429 is a prime number.
  • Prime factorization: 1429 is prime.
  • 1429 has no exponents greater than 1 in its prime factorization, so √1429 cannot be simplified.
  • The exponent in the prime factorization is 1. Adding one to that exponent we get (1 + 1) = 2. Therefore 1429 has exactly 2 factors.
  • The factors of 1429 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

How do we know that 1429 is a prime number? If 1429 were not a prime number, then it would be divisible by at least one prime number less than or equal to √1429. Since 1429 cannot be divided evenly by 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29 31, or 37, we know that 1429 is a prime number.

Stetson.edu informs us that 1429² = 2,042,041. That’s the smallest perfect square whose first three digits are repeated in order by the next three digits.

1429 is the sum of two squares:
30² + 23² = 1429

1429 is the hypotenuse of a primitive Pythagorean triple:
371-1380-1429 calculated from 30² – 23², 2(30)(23), 30² + 23²

Here’s another way we know that 1429 is a prime number: Since its last two digits divided by 4 leave a remainder of 1, and 30² + 23² = 1429 with 30 and 23 having no common prime factors, 1429 will be prime unless it is divisible by a prime number Pythagorean triple hypotenuse less than or equal to √1429. Since 1429 is not divisible by 5, 13, 17, 29, or 37, we know that 1429 is a prime number.

 

1428 Factor Trees in Autumn

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I recently decided that I wanted to make some factor trees in various fall colors. 1428 has plenty of factors so it has MANY different factor trees. Here are just eleven of them, each initially factored by a different factor pair.

Here are some more facts about the number 1428:

  • 1428 is a composite number.
  • Prime factorization: 1428 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 × 17, which can be written 1428 = 2² × 3 × 7 × 17
  • 1428 has at least one exponent greater than 1 in its prime factorization so √1428 can be simplified. Taking the factor pair from the factor pair table below with the largest square number factor, we get √1428 = (√4)(√357) = 2√357
  • The exponents in the prime factorization are 2, 1, 1, and 1. Adding one to each exponent and multiplying we get (2 + 1)(1 + 1)(1 + 1)(1 + 1) = 3 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 24. Therefore 1428 has exactly 24 factors.
  • The factors of 1428 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

1428 is the hypotenuse of a Pythagorean triple:
672-1260-1428 which is (8-15-17) times 84.

1427 Mysterious Cat

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This mysterious Halloween cat shares twelve clues that can help you solve its puzzle. Each clue is the products of two factors from 1 to 12 multiplied together. Will you be able to solve its mystery?

Print the puzzles or type the solution in this excel file: 12 Factors 1419-1429

Now I’ll tell you a little bit about the puzzle number, 1427:

  • 1427 is a prime number.
  • Prime factorization: 1427 is prime.
  • 1427 has no exponents greater than 1 in its prime factorization, so √1427 cannot be simplified.
  • The exponent in the prime factorization is 1. Adding one to that exponent we get (1 + 1) = 2. Therefore 1427 has exactly 2 factors.
  • The factors of 1427 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

How do we know that 1427 is a prime number? If 1427 were not a prime number, then it would be divisible by at least one prime number less than or equal to √1427. Since 1427 cannot be divided evenly by 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29 31, or 37, we know that 1427 is a prime number.

1427 is 272 in BASE 25 because 2(25²) + 7(25) + 2(1) = 1427

1426 is a Pentagonal Number

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I remembered that 1426 is a pentagonal number, but I didn’t have the formula for pentagonal numbers memorized. While I was waiting to do something else, I tried to come up with the formula myself.

The formula I derived isn’t what you usually see, but I rather like it! This formula can be extended to any figurate number as the chart below shows.

I love that the distance between consecutive figurate numbers on the chart is 465 which is the 30th triangular number!

Now if you asked me how many little dots does the 31st 1000-gonal number have, I also would be able to tell you that it has 998(465) + 31 = 464101 dots!

But today’s post is asking for the 31st pentagonal number. Here is what that looks like:

Can you see that it is three times the 30th triangular number plus 31?

Here are some more facts about the number 1426:

  • 1426 is a composite number.
  • Prime factorization: 1426 = 2 × 23 × 31
  • 1426 has no exponents greater than 1 in its prime factorization, so √1426 cannot be simplified.
  • The exponents in the prime factorization are 1, 1, and 1. Adding one to each exponent and multiplying we get (1 + 1)(1 + 1)(1 + 1) = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8. Therefore 1426 has exactly 8 factors.
  • The factors of 1426 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

Since 1426 = 2(31)(23) and 2(713)(1), it is a leg in two Pythagorean triples:
432-1426-1490 calculated from 31² – 23², 2(31)(23), 31² + 23²
1426-508368-508370 calculated from 2(713)(1), 713² – 1², 713² + 1²

How Are These Two DNA Shared Matches Related to Each Other?

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My husband shares 20 cM across 2 segments with one of his DNA matches. I wanted to figure out their relationship because the surname Ungi from the match’s pedigree chart was familiar to me. I had seen it on family records originating in Gyoma, Hungary where my husband’s paternal grandparents were born.

I was also curious because this 20 cM-match was a shared match with someone else, a 143 cM-match that I found several years ago – without using DNA.

I started with the 20cM-match’s pedigree chart. There was a great-grandmother (Ungi Juliánna) who died 7 March 1950 in Hahót, Hungary and had been born 29 years earlier (about 1921) in Gyoma. Eventually, I was able to make this diagram showing the relationship between my husband’s two matches.

I didn’t make a separate chart, but my husband and his 143 cM match are 2nd cousins once removed.

Here are the supporting documents I used to make the chart. (You will need to be signed into a free FamilySearch account to see these records) Names on the chart are in bold:

Hahót, Zala civil registration death record line 12, Ungi Juliánna, died 7 March 1950, age 29, from drowning. Her husband was Domján István. Her parents were Ungi Zsigmond and Kéri Mária.

Gyoma Marriage Civil Registration, Page 102, Date 10 December 1898, Groom Ungi Zsigmond, born 16 August 1874, the son of the late Ungi Lajos and Kéri Juliánna. Bride Kéri Mária, born 25 March 1879, the daughter of Kéri István and Szalóki Zsuzsánna.

Christening dates of Kéri István and Szalóki Zsuzsánna’s children
30 Mar 1879 Mária
29 Sep 1881 Susánna (Zsuzsánna)
03 Jul 1885 István
18 Jan 1890 János (died 26 Feb 1890)
That’s all the documents I needed to show how they were related to each other, but how is my husband related? Here is a chart showing how he is related to the 20 cM match:
I found some other family records that may interest you:
Marriages and Children of Juhász Erszébet
23 October 1839 The Reformed Church marriage record states that Szűts György’s son Mihaly, age 37, a widower, weds Juhász Janos’s daughter Ersébet, age 21. He was born about 1802; she was born about 1818
02 Aug 1841 son Szűcs Mihály 

19 Oct 1852 son István Line 306, parent Rác Mihály’s widow, Juhász Erzsébet. Note in margin states that István got permission to change his surname from Juhász to Kéri, the surname of his stepfather Kéri Mihály
14 September 1853 marriage record to the widower Kéri Mihály states that she was the late R. Szűcs Mihály’s widow. It should be noted that Kéri Mihály’s wife of nearly 24 years died just a few weeks earlier on 10 August 1853 during childbirth. You can read more about Kéri Mihály in my posts, 550 Godparents and 543 Arithmetic and Genealogy.
23 Sep 1854 daughter Kéri Lidia

Some of the information above I found a few years ago, but finding new tidbits of information about a cousin or ancestor is so exciting. I hope you can discover the thrill yourself!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1425 Jack O’Lantern

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Most of my puzzles don’t have as many clues as this Jack O’lantern puzzle has. Those extra clues could make it easier to solve. On the other hand, some of the clues might still be tricky.

Print the puzzles or type the solution in this excel file: 12 Factors 1419-1429

Here are some facts about the puzzle number, 1425:

  • 1425 is a composite number.
  • Prime factorization: 1425 = 3 × 5 × 5 × 19, which can be written 1425 = 3 × 5² × 19
  • 1425 has at least one exponent greater than 1 in its prime factorization so √1425 can be simplified. Taking the factor pair from the factor pair table below with the largest square number factor, we get √1425 = (√25)(√57) = 5√57
  • The exponents in the prime factorization are 1, 2, and 1. Adding one to each exponent and multiplying we get (1 + 1)(2 + 1)(1 + 1) = 2 × 3 × 2 = 12. Therefore 1425 has exactly 12 factors.
  • The factors of 1425 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

1425 is the hypotenuse of TWO Pythagorean triples:
399-1368-1425 which is (7-24-25) times 57
855-1140-1425 which is (3-4-5) times 285

 

1424 Logic and Fear

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Should this puzzle excite fear in you or anyone else? The logical answer is no, of course not. Logic can also help you to find the solution, so don’t be afraid, give it a try!

Print the puzzles or type the solution in this excel file: 12 Factors 1419-1429

Finding the factors of 1424 shouldn’t bring fear to you either:

  • 1424 is a composite number.
  • Prime factorization: 1424 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 89, which can be written 1424 = 2⁴ × 89
  • 1424 has at least one exponent greater than 1 in its prime factorization so √1424 can be simplified. Taking the factor pair from the factor pair table below with the largest square number factor, we get √1424 = (√16)(√89) = 4√89
  • The exponents in the prime factorization are 4 and 1. Adding one to each exponent and multiplying we get (4 + 1)(1 + 1) = 5 × 2 = 10. Therefore 1424 has exactly 10 factors.
  • The factors of 1424 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

1424 is the sum of two squares:
32² + 20² = 1424

1424 is the hypotenuse of a Pythagorean triple:
624-1280-1424 calculated from 32² – 20², 2(32)(20), 32² + 20²

 

 

1423 Lollipop

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Lollipops are candies that easily delight children. Will today’s lollipop-wannabe puzzle be a delight?

Print the puzzles or type the solution in this excel file: 12 Factors 1419-1429

The puzzle number is 1423. Here are a few facts about that number:

  • 1423 is a prime number.
  • Prime factorization: 1423 is prime.
  • 1423 has no exponents greater than 1 in its prime factorization, so √1423 cannot be simplified.
  • The exponent in the prime factorization is 1. Adding one to that exponent we get (1 + 1) = 2. Therefore 1423 has exactly 2 factors.
  • The factors of 1423 are outlined with their factor pair partners in the graphic below.

How do we know that 1423 is a prime number? If 1423 were not a prime number, then it would be divisible by at least one prime number less than or equal to √1423. Since 1423 cannot be divided evenly by 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29 31, or 37, we know that 1423 is a prime number.